Some energy-efficient alternatives to traditional household loads...
Refrigerators
Conventional units consume 2-5 kWh/day, four to seven times as much as the
most energy efficient models. Efficient
electric refrigerators are available that consume up to 80% less
power. Propane
refrigerators are quite popular and relatively inexpensive to operate.
Space heating
Renewable electricity can not be used to generate electricity for
electric space heating! Forced air circulation systems, due to their high
wattage blower, consume a lot of power and are not all practical. It’s
common to use wood heat along with a few direct-vent propane heaters as
backup. Passive solar heat is an option. Radiant-floor heating systems,
which use relatively low power circulators, are compatible with
residential solar thermal (solar
hot water) systems.
Lighting
Compact fluorescent
lighting generates four times the amount of useable light as
incandescent lighting for the same amount of wattage (15-watt c.f. =
60-watt incandescent), and they have an extremely long lifetime!
These lightbulbs can easily be found at your local hardware or home store.
Water heating
Renewable electricity can not be used to generate electricity for
electric water heating! Propane is the most likely choice, perhaps in
combination with an active solar hot
water system (thermal solar system) as backup.
Clothes washing
Please note that energy efficient washing machines are preferable. To
maximize efficiency at a solar electric house, commonly laundry is done
while the generator is charging or excess power is available from the
batteries (i.e. when the batteries are full in the middle of a sunny day).
If a clothes dryer is used, a gas model is much more cost-effective than
an electric model.
Cooking
Microwaves are acceptable is most cases, but again a propane
range will probably be the method of choice.
Water pumping
There are many things to consider, but generally the pump must not be
over-sized, and wiring, plumbing, and water storage must be selected with
care. AC and DC
pumps are both practical, but choices must be made on a case-by-case
basis. A gravity-fed source may eliminate the need for a water pump
altogether.
The majority of off-the-grid homes use
only 10-15% of the power consumed by typical utility fed home. For most
people considering renewable power, financial necessity will mandate
extreme energy efficiency. But it can and is done every day by people just
like you, without sacrificing comfort or convenience, and that is our
ultimate goal.
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